Anorexia Nervosa: 

This is an eating disorder in which people restrict food intake because they have a distorted body image. They view themselves as overweight, fat or obese even though they may be significantly underweight. Weight loss may be attained through dieting, fasting, and/or excessive exercise with or without recurrent episodes of binge-eating and self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives and diuretics.

Chronic starvation leads to inadequate nutrient supply in the brain and other body organs. This leads to poor brain health, anaemia, osteoporosis, heart problems, multi nutrient deficiency, menstrual issues and immune dysfunction. 

Bulimia Nervosa: 

People with bulimia are also concerned about gaining weight but instead of restricting their calories, they have recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviours such as self-induced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives/diuretics, or excessive exercise. 

The cycle of overeating and purging can have a negative effect on the brain. People with bulimia nervosa often experience problems of acid reflux, tooth decay, chronic sore throat. Bulimia is also associated with electrolyte imbalances that can lead to serious consequences, including cardiac arrest.

Binge Eating Disorder: 

Persons with Binge Eating Disorder consume large quantities of food without any compensatory behaviours. These people feel that they have no control over their eating. 

Episodes are associated with : 

Eating much more rapidly than normal

Eating until feeling uncomfortably full

Eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry

Eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much they are eating

Feeling disgusted with themselves

Depressed or very guilty after eating

The most concerning condition associated with Binge Eating is obesity. Obese people are at a higher risk of Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart conditions, Osteoporosis, Asthma, Sleep Apnoea, cancers and psychiatric illnesses. 

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): 

These people have a lack of interest in eating food or avoid food based on sensory characteristics of food such as colour or texture or are concerned about aversive consequences of eating. 

It is frequently associated with weight loss, nutritional deficiency, or failure to meet growth trajectories. These individuals are not concerned with their body weight.

Orthorexia:

In general, trying to eat healthy is beneficial to our physical and mental health. However, some people can develop an unhealthy fixation on healthy eating, which is called orthorexia. People with orthorexia become obsessed with eating nutritious food and can have intense worries and guilt about eating the wrong thing.

People with orthorexia may exhibit the following behaviors:

Compulsively checking food labels

Restricting food items to a small group 

Cutting out of whole categories of foods (no carbs, zero fat, dairy etc)

Worrying about what to eat when going out 

Other Eating Disorders :

Pica: Eating non-food substances, such as dirt, hair, or paper 

Night eating syndrome: Eating 25% or more of the total daily calories after the evening meal with nocturnal ingestions, insomnia, loss of morning appetite and depression.

Drunkorexia: Purposely restricting food intake in order to reserve food calories for alcoholic calories